Which of the following factor do not affect the price determination of a product?

Option 1 -> Product cost directly affects price determination as businesses must cover production costs and achieve desired profit margins.

Option 2 -> Extent of competition significantly influences pricing; higher competition typically forces lower prices while monopolistic conditions allow higher pricing.

Option 3 -> Utility and demand are crucial price determinants; higher perceived value and demand enable premium pricing while lower demand requires competitive pricing.

Option 4 -> Sales volume is an outcome or result of pricing decisions, not a factor that determines price; it reflects market response rather than influencing initial price setting.

Hence, Option 4: Sales of the product -> Sales volume is a consequence of the price set rather than a determinant of price itself. While past sales data may inform future pricing strategies, the actual sales figures do not determine the price - they result from it. The primary factors affecting price determination are costs, competition, demand, and utility, whereas sales represent the market's response to the established price -> correct