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"Marketing takes a day to learn. Unfortunately it takes time to master."

— Philip Kotler

In the traditional sense, the term ‘market’ refers to the place where buyers and sellers gather to enter into transactions involving the exchange of goods and services. It is in this sense that this term is being used in day to day language, even today. The other ways in which this term is being used is in the context of a product market (cotton market, gold or share market), geographic market (national and international market), type of buyers (consumer market and industrial market) and the quantity of goods transacted (retail market and wholesale market). But in modern marketing sense, the term market has a broader meaning. It refers to a set of actual and potential buyers of a product or service. For example, when a fashion designer designs a new dress and offers it for exchange, all the people who are willing to buy and offer some value for it can be stated to be the market for that dress. Similarly, market for fans or bicycles or electric bulbs or shampoos refers to all the actual and potential buyers for these products

"Marketing takes a day to learn. Unfortunately it takes time to master."

— Philip Kotler

In the traditional sense, the term ‘market’ refers to the place where buyers and sellers gather to enter into transactions involving the exchange of goods and services. It is in this sense that this term is being used in day to day language, even today. The other ways in which this term is being used is in the context of a product market (cotton market, gold or share market), geographic market (national and international market), type of buyers (consumer market and industrial market) and the quantity of goods transacted (retail market and wholesale market). But in modern marketing sense, the term market has a broader meaning. It refers to a set of actual and potential buyers of a product or service. For example, when a fashion designer designs a new dress and offers it for exchange, all the people who are willing to buy and offer some value for it can be stated to be the market for that dress. Similarly, market for fans or bicycles or electric bulbs or shampoos refers to all the actual and potential buyers for these products

"Marketing takes a day to learn. Unfortunately it takes time to master."

— Philip Kotler

In the traditional sense, the term ‘market’ refers to the place where buyers and sellers gather to enter into transactions involving the exchange of goods and services. It is in this sense that this term is being used in day to day language, even today. The other ways in which this term is being used is in the context of a product market (cotton market, gold or share market), geographic market (national and international market), type of buyers (consumer market and industrial market) and the quantity of goods transacted (retail market and wholesale market). But in modern marketing sense, the term market has a broader meaning. It refers to a set of actual and potential buyers of a product or service. For example, when a fashion designer designs a new dress and offers it for exchange, all the people who are willing to buy and offer some value for it can be stated to be the market for that dress. Similarly, market for fans or bicycles or electric bulbs or shampoos refers to all the actual and potential buyers for these products

"Marketing takes a day to learn. Unfortunately it takes time to master."

— Philip Kotler

In the traditional sense, the term ‘market’ refers to the place where buyers and sellers gather to enter into transactions involving the exchange of goods and services. It is in this sense that this term is being used in day to day language, even today. The other ways in which this term is being used is in the context of a product market (cotton market, gold or share market), geographic market (national and international market), type of buyers (consumer market and industrial market) and the quantity of goods transacted (retail market and wholesale market). But in modern marketing sense, the term market has a broader meaning. It refers to a set of actual and potential buyers of a product or service. For example, when a fashion designer designs a new dress and offers it for exchange, all the people who are willing to buy and offer some value for it can be stated to be the market for that dress. Similarly, market for fans or bicycles or electric bulbs or shampoos refers to all the actual and potential buyers for these products

"Marketing takes a day to learn. Unfortunately it takes time to master."

— Philip Kotler

In the traditional sense, the term ‘market’ refers to the place where buyers and sellers gather to enter into transactions involving the exchange of goods and services. It is in this sense that this term is being used in day to day language, even today. The other ways in which this term is being used is in the context of a product market (cotton market, gold or share market), geographic market (national and international market), type of buyers (consumer market and industrial market) and the quantity of goods transacted (retail market and wholesale market). But in modern marketing sense, the term market has a broader meaning. It refers to a set of actual and potential buyers of a product or service. For example, when a fashion designer designs a new dress and offers it for exchange, all the people who are willing to buy and offer some value for it can be stated to be the market for that dress. Similarly, market for fans or bicycles or electric bulbs or shampoos refers to all the actual and potential buyers for these products

Business Idea

Jaya, Pooja and Manvi are school friends running their own successful businesses separately. They regularly meet and discuss their business ideas and exchange notes on production, customer satisfaction, product designing, product pricing, marketing efforts, selling techniques and social concerns etc. In one of such meetings, Jaya drew the attention of Pooja and Manvi towards exploitation of consumers. She said that most of the sellers were exploiting the consumers in various ways and were not paying attention to the social, ethical and ecological aspects of marketing, whereas she understood the importance of these factors and was trying to implement so. Pooja said that they were under pressure to satisfy the customer but stated that the customers would not buy, or not buy enough unless they are adequately convinced and motivated to do so. Manvi emphasized on the importance of keeping consumer's needs in mind and said that it was their duty to keep the customer satisfied and to take decisions from the point of view of consumers. She believes that someone who fails to identify customer preferences fails to satisfy the customer, cannot run their business with success in the long run.

Business Idea

Jaya, Pooja and Manvi are school friends running their own successful businesses separately. They regularly meet and discuss their business ideas and exchange notes on production, customer satisfaction, product designing, product pricing, marketing efforts, selling techniques and social concerns etc. In one of such meetings, Jaya drew the attention of Pooja and Manvi towards exploitation of consumers. She said that most of the sellers were exploiting the consumers in various ways and were not paying attention to the social, ethical and ecological aspects of marketing, whereas she understood the importance of these factors and was trying to implement so. Pooja said that they were under pressure to satisfy the customer but stated that the customers would not buy, or not buy enough unless they are adequately convinced and motivated to do so. Manvi emphasized on the importance of keeping consumer's needs in mind and said that it was their duty to keep the customer satisfied and to take decisions from the point of view of consumers. She believes that someone who fails to identify customer preferences fails to satisfy the customer, cannot run their business with success in the long run.

Business Idea

Jaya, Pooja and Manvi are school friends running their own successful businesses separately. They regularly meet and discuss their business ideas and exchange notes on production, customer satisfaction, product designing, product pricing, marketing efforts, selling techniques and social concerns etc. In one of such meetings, Jaya drew the attention of Pooja and Manvi towards exploitation of consumers. She said that most of the sellers were exploiting the consumers in various ways and were not paying attention to the social, ethical and ecological aspects of marketing, whereas she understood the importance of these factors and was trying to implement so. Pooja said that they were under pressure to satisfy the customer but stated that the customers would not buy, or not buy enough unless they are adequately convinced and motivated to do so. Manvi emphasized on the importance of keeping consumer's needs in mind and said that it was their duty to keep the customer satisfied and to take decisions from the point of view of consumers. She believes that someone who fails to identify customer preferences fails to satisfy the customer, cannot run their business with success in the long run.

Business Idea

Jaya, Pooja and Manvi are school friends running their own successful businesses separately. They regularly meet and discuss their business ideas and exchange notes on production, customer satisfaction, product designing, product pricing, marketing efforts, selling techniques and social concerns etc. In one of such meetings, Jaya drew the attention of Pooja and Manvi towards exploitation of consumers. She said that most of the sellers were exploiting the consumers in various ways and were not paying attention to the social, ethical and ecological aspects of marketing, whereas she understood the importance of these factors and was trying to implement so. Pooja said that they were under pressure to satisfy the customer but stated that the customers would not buy, or not buy enough unless they are adequately convinced and motivated to do so. Manvi emphasized on the importance of keeping consumer's needs in mind and said that it was their duty to keep the customer satisfied and to take decisions from the point of view of consumers. She believes that someone who fails to identify customer preferences fails to satisfy the customer, cannot run their business with success in the long run.

Business Idea

Jaya, Pooja and Manvi are school friends running their own successful businesses separately. They regularly meet and discuss their business ideas and exchange notes on production, customer satisfaction, product designing, product pricing, marketing efforts, selling techniques and social concerns etc. In one of such meetings, Jaya drew the attention of Pooja and Manvi towards exploitation of consumers. She said that most of the sellers were exploiting the consumers in various ways and were not paying attention to the social, ethical and ecological aspects of marketing, whereas she understood the importance of these factors and was trying to implement so. Pooja said that they were under pressure to satisfy the customer but stated that the customers would not buy, or not buy enough unless they are adequately convinced and motivated to do so. Manvi emphasized on the importance of keeping consumer's needs in mind and said that it was their duty to keep the customer satisfied and to take decisions from the point of view of consumers. She believes that someone who fails to identify customer preferences fails to satisfy the customer, cannot run their business with success in the long run.

LEGO case

In the year when LEGO was launched, they became popular because of the modern kind of quality toys they were producing. Their products were designed in the beginning for young boys who have a tendency to get bored easily and wanted to play with innovative toys. They designed building blocks which could be joined together to form more than hundred combinations. This kept the young consumers engaged for long time. They advertised in the television ads and in the newspapers. Later, they encountered a backlash from the activist groups that LEGO was not inclusive and had been advertising their products using stereotypes like only boys play with building blocks or only boys are creators while showing girls playing with dolls in their ads. This led to slump in the demand for LEGO products and they faced another problem, their stocks went unsold while they kept on producing more and more thinking that if the LEGO products are of good quality and design with new features, they will be sold automatically. To induce demand, they kept on giving 10% discounts to those who buy two products.

A new marketing manager was hired, and she stopped the production until a new advertising campaign was released. She hired a public relations agent to manage the negative sentiment in the market. A new line of Lego games were released with both male and female characters. The new ad campaign focused on showing both young boys and girls playing as well as adults involved in the fun activities. LEGO brings to the table for all. A lucky draw was introduced for the first hundred buyers. LEGO achieved 20% sales growth in a month and they were successful in fostering their belief in creative and innovative futuristic games for all.

LEGO case

In the year when LEGO was launched, they became popular because of the modern kind of quality toys they were producing. Their products were designed in the beginning for young boys who have a tendency to get bored easily and wanted to play with innovative toys. They designed building blocks which could be joined together to form more than hundred combinations. This kept the young consumers engaged for long time. They advertised in the television ads and in the newspapers. Later, they encountered a backlash from the activist groups that LEGO was not inclusive and had been advertising their products using stereotypes like only boys play with building blocks or only boys are creators while showing girls playing with dolls in their ads. This led to slump in the demand for LEGO products and they faced another problem, their stocks went unsold while they kept on producing more and more thinking that if the LEGO products are of good quality and design with new features, they will be sold automatically. To induce demand, they kept on giving 10% discounts to those who buy two products.

A new marketing manager was hired, and she stopped the production until a new advertising campaign was released. She hired a public relations agent to manage the negative sentiment in the market. A new line of Lego games were released with both male and female characters. The new ad campaign focused on showing both young boys and girls playing as well as adults involved in the fun activities. LEGO brings to the table for all. A lucky draw was introduced for the first hundred buyers. LEGO achieved 20% sales growth in a month and they were successful in fostering their belief in creative and innovative futuristic games for all.