The greatest integer function [x] (floor function) gives the largest integer less than or equal to x. The function [x] stays constant between consecutive integers.
For ∫03[x]dx:
The interval is broken based on where [x] changes value:
When 0≤x<1: [x]=0
When 1≤x<2: [x]=1
When 2≤x<3: [x]=2
∫03[x]dx=∫010dx+∫121dx+∫232dx
=0×(1−0)+1×(2−1)+2×(3−2)
=0+1+2
=3
Therefore (A) matches with (IV)
For ∫01[2x]dx:
The function [2x] changes when 2x crosses integers:
When 0≤x<21: 2x∈[0,1), so [2x]=0
When 21≤x<1: 2x∈[1,2), so [2x]=1
∫01[2x]dx=∫01/20dx+∫1/211dx
=0+1×(1−21)
=21
Therefore (B) matches with (I)
For ∫01[3x]dx:
The function [3x] changes when 3x crosses integers:
When 0≤x<31: 3x∈[0,1), so [3x]=0
When 31≤x<32: 3x∈[1,2), so [3x]=1
When 32≤x<1: 3x∈[2,3), so [3x]=2
∫01[3x]dx=∫01/30dx+∫1/32/31dx+∫2/312dx
=0+1×(32−31)+2×(1−32)
=0+1×31+2×31
=31+32
=1
Therefore (C) matches with (II)
For ∫01[4x]dx:
The function [4x] changes when 4x crosses integers:
When 0≤x<41: [4x]=0
When 41≤x<21: [4x]=1
When 21≤x<43: [4x]=2
When 43≤x<1: [4x]=3
∫01[4x]dx=∫01/40dx+∫1/41/21dx+∫1/23/42dx+∫3/413dx
=0+1(41)+2(41)+3(41)
=41+42+43
=46
=23
Therefore (D) matches with (III)
Final matching:
(A) → (IV) = 3
(B) → (I) = 21
(C) → (II) = 1
(D) → (III) = 23