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If A speaks truth in 75% cases and B speaks truth in 80% cases, then the probability that they contradict each other in a statement, is:

Solution

Correct Option: 3

A speaks truth in 75% of cases, which is 34\dfrac{3}{4}

B speaks truth in 80% of cases, which is 45\dfrac{4}{5}

Therefore:

A lies in 25% of cases, which is 14\dfrac{1}{4}

B lies in 20% of cases, which is 15\dfrac{1}{5}


A and B contradict each other when one tells the truth and the other lies.

This can happen in two ways:

Case 1: A speaks truth and B lies

Case 2: A lies and B speaks truth


For Case 1 (A speaks truth and B lies):

P(A speaks truth and B lies) = 34×15\dfrac{3}{4} \times \dfrac{1}{5}

=320= \dfrac{3}{20}


For Case 2 (A lies and B speaks truth):

P(A lies and B speaks truth) = 14×45\dfrac{1}{4} \times \dfrac{4}{5}

=420= \dfrac{4}{20}


Total probability of contradiction:

P(contradiction) = 320+420\dfrac{3}{20} + \dfrac{4}{20}

=720= \dfrac{7}{20}

Therefore, the probability that they contradict each other is 720\dfrac{7}{20}

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