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The value of the definite integral I=1111+exdxI = \int_{-1}^{1} \frac{1}{1 + \sqrt{e^x}} dx is:

Solution

Correct Option: 2

The integral to evaluate is:

I=1111+exdxI = \int_{-1}^{1} \frac{1}{1 + \sqrt{e^x}} dx

This integral has symmetric limits from 1-1 to 11. For such integrals, the following property can be used:

I=11f(x)dx=11f(x)dxI = \int_{-1}^{1} f(x) dx = \int_{-1}^{1} f(-x) dx


Given f(x)=11+exf(x) = \frac{1}{1 + \sqrt{e^x}}, substitute x-x:

f(x)=11+exf(-x) = \frac{1}{1 + \sqrt{e^{-x}}}

Since ex=1exe^{-x} = \frac{1}{e^x}:

f(x)=11+1exf(-x) = \frac{1}{1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{e^x}}}

Multiplying numerator and denominator by ex\sqrt{e^x}:

f(x)=exex+1f(-x) = \frac{\sqrt{e^x}}{\sqrt{e^x} + 1}

f(x)=ex1+exf(-x) = \frac{\sqrt{e^x}}{1 + \sqrt{e^x}}


Adding f(x)f(x) and f(x)f(-x):

f(x)+f(x)=11+ex+ex1+exf(x) + f(-x) = \frac{1}{1 + \sqrt{e^x}} + \frac{\sqrt{e^x}}{1 + \sqrt{e^x}}

f(x)+f(x)=1+ex1+exf(x) + f(-x) = \frac{1 + \sqrt{e^x}}{1 + \sqrt{e^x}}

f(x)+f(x)=1f(x) + f(-x) = 1


Since I=11f(x)dxI = \int_{-1}^{1} f(x) dx and I=11f(x)dxI = \int_{-1}^{1} f(-x) dx:

2I=11f(x)dx+11f(x)dx2I = \int_{-1}^{1} f(x) dx + \int_{-1}^{1} f(-x) dx

2I=11[f(x)+f(x)]dx2I = \int_{-1}^{1} [f(x) + f(-x)] dx

2I=111dx2I = \int_{-1}^{1} 1 \, dx

2I=[x]112I = [x]_{-1}^{1}

2I=1(1)2I = 1 - (-1)

2I=22I = 2


Therefore:

I=1I = 1

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