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f(x)f(x)loge[f(x)]dx\int \frac{f'(x)}{f(x) \log_e[f(x)]} dx is equal to

Solution

Correct Option: 3

Given: f(x)f(x)loge[f(x)]dx\int \frac{f'(x)}{f(x) \log_e[f(x)]} dx

Whenever f(x)f'(x) appears in the numerator and f(x)f(x) in the denominator, substitution simplifies the integral.

Let u=f(x)u = f(x)

Then du=f(x)dxdu = f'(x)dx

The integral becomes:

1uloge(u)du\int \frac{1}{u \cdot \log_e(u)} du


Notice that loge(u)\log_e(u) appears in the denominator, and the derivative of loge(u)\log_e(u) is 1u\frac{1}{u}.

Let t=loge(u)t = \log_e(u)

Then dt=1ududt = \frac{1}{u} du

The integral becomes:

1tdt\int \frac{1}{t} dt


1tdt=loge(t)+C\int \frac{1}{t} dt = \log_e(t) + C


Substituting back t=loge(u)t = \log_e(u):

loge(t)+C=loge(loge(u))+C\log_e(t) + C = \log_e(\log_e(u)) + C

Substituting back u=f(x)u = f(x):

loge(loge(u))+C=loge(loge(f(x)))+C\log_e(\log_e(u)) + C = \log_e(\log_e(f(x))) + C


Therefore, f(x)f(x)loge[f(x)]dx=loge(loge[f(x)])+C\int \frac{f'(x)}{f(x) \log_e[f(x)]} dx = \log_e(\log_e[f(x)]) + C

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