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Which of the following functions f(x)f(x) are differentiable at x=0x = 0?

(A) x|x|

(B) x1|x - 1|

(C) sinx|\sin x|

(D) cosx|\cos x|

(E) x2x^2

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Solution

Correct Option: 3

A function is differentiable at a point if it has a well-defined derivative there. If a graph has a sharp corner or cusp at a point, it's not differentiable there.


For f(x)=xf(x) = |x|:

At x=0x = 0, the graph makes a sharp V-shape.

Left side (x<0)(x < 0): x=x|x| = -x, so slope =1= -1

Right side (x>0)(x > 0): x=x|x| = x, so slope =+1= +1

Since 1+1-1 \neq +1, the slopes don't match.

Not differentiable at x=0x = 0.


For f(x)=x1f(x) = |x - 1|:

The corner of x1|x - 1| is at x=1x = 1, not at x=0x = 0.

When x=0x = 0, the graph is on the smooth part where x<1x < 1.

For x<1x < 1: x1=1x|x - 1| = 1 - x

At x=0x = 0: f(x)=1xf(x) = 1 - x, which gives f(x)=1f'(x) = -1

No corner exists at x=0x = 0.

Differentiable at x=0x = 0.


For f(x)=sinxf(x) = |\sin x|:

sin(0)=0\sin(0) = 0, and sinx\sin x crosses zero at x=0x = 0.

This means sinx|\sin x| has a corner at x=0x = 0.

Left side: sinx\sin x is negative, so sinx=sinx|\sin x| = -\sin x, giving slope =cos(0)=1= -\cos(0) = -1

Right side: sinx\sin x is positive, so sinx=sinx|\sin x| = \sin x, giving slope =cos(0)=+1= \cos(0) = +1

Since 1+1-1 \neq +1, there's a sharp corner.

Not differentiable at x=0x = 0.


For f(x)=cosxf(x) = |\cos x|:

cos(0)=1\cos(0) = 1 (positive)

The function cosx\cos x stays positive near x=0x = 0 (it only becomes zero at x=±π2x = \pm\frac{\pi}{2}).

Near x=0x = 0: cosx=cosx|\cos x| = \cos x

Therefore: f(x)=sinxf'(x) = -\sin x

f(0)=sin(0)=0f'(0) = -\sin(0) = 0

No corner exists at x=0x = 0.

Differentiable at x=0x = 0.


For f(x)=x2f(x) = x^2:

This is a polynomial, smooth everywhere.

f(x)=2xf'(x) = 2x

f(0)=0f'(0) = 0

Differentiable at x=0x = 0.


Functions (B) x1|x-1|, (D) cosx|\cos x|, and (E) x2x^2 are differentiable at x=0x = 0.

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