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Solution

✅ Correct Option: 4

Option 1 -> Policy is a standing plan that provides guidelines for decision-making and establishes boundaries for managerial action.

Option 2 -> Budget is a single-use plan that allocates resources and expresses expected results in numerical/financial terms.

Option 3 -> Strategy is a comprehensive plan that outlines the approach to achieve long-term organizational objectives and goals.

Option 4 -> Monitoring is a control function used to track and evaluate performance, not a type of plan itself.


Hence, Option 4: Monitoring -> Monitoring is part of the controlling function of management where performance is tracked and measured against standards. It comes after planning and is used to ensure plans are being executed properly, but it is not itself a type of plan. Policies, budgets, and strategies are all recognized types of plans in management. -> correct

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