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If [a−b000b−c000c−2]\begin{bmatrix} a-b & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & b-c & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & c-2 \end{bmatrix} is a scalar matrix such that a+b+c=0a + b + c = 0, then, which of the following are TRUE?

(A) a=0a = 0

(B) b=0b = 0

(C) a=1a = 1

(D) c=1c = 1

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 2

A scalar matrix is a diagonal matrix where all diagonal elements are equal. For example:

[k000k000k]\begin{bmatrix} k & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & k & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & k \end{bmatrix}


Since the given matrix is a scalar matrix, all diagonal elements must be equal:

a−b=b−c=c−2a - b = b - c = c - 2

We are also given:

a+b+c=0...(given)a + b + c = 0 \quad \text{...(given)}


From a−b=b−ca - b = b - c:

a=2b−c...(i)a = 2b - c \quad \text{...(i)}

From b−c=c−2b - c = c - 2:

b=2c−2...(ii)b = 2c - 2 \quad \text{...(ii)}


Substituting (i) and (ii) into a+b+c=0a + b + c = 0:

From (ii): b=2c−2b = 2c - 2

From (i): a=2(2c−2)−c=3c−4a = 2(2c - 2) - c = 3c - 4

(3c−4)+(2c−2)+c=0(3c - 4) + (2c - 2) + c = 0

6c−6=06c - 6 = 0

c=1c = 1


Back-substituting:

b=2(1)−2=0b = 2(1) - 2 = 0

a=3(1)−4=−1a = 3(1) - 4 = -1


Verification:

a−b=−1−0=−1a - b = -1 - 0 = -1

b−c=0−1=−1b - c = 0 - 1 = -1

c−2=1−2=−1c - 2 = 1 - 2 = -1

All diagonal elements are equal to −1-1, confirming it is a scalar matrix. ✅

a+b+c=−1+0+1=0a + b + c = -1 + 0 + 1 = 0 ✅


(A) a=0a = 0 — Incorrect, since a=−1a = -1

(B) b=0b = 0 — Correct ✅

(C) a=1a = 1 — Incorrect, since a=−1a = -1

(D) c=1c = 1 — Correct ✅


Answer: (B) and (D)

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