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Let A, B, C be three events. If the probability of occurring exactly one out of A and B is 35\frac{3}{5}, exactly one of B and C is 15\frac{1}{5}, exactly one of C and A is 35\frac{3}{5} and that of occurring of three events is 425\frac{4}{25}, then the probability of occurring at least one of them is

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 3

The probability of exactly one of two events XX and YY occurring is:

P(exactly one of X and Y)=P(X)+P(Y)−2P(X∩Y)P(\text{exactly one of } X \text{ and } Y) = P(X) + P(Y) - 2P(X \cap Y)

From the given information:

P(A)+P(B)−2P(A∩B)=35⋯(1)P(A) + P(B) - 2P(A \cap B) = \dfrac{3}{5} \quad \cdots (1)

P(B)+P(C)−2P(B∩C)=15⋯(2)P(B) + P(C) - 2P(B \cap C) = \dfrac{1}{5} \quad \cdots (2)

P(C)+P(A)−2P(C∩A)=35⋯(3)P(C) + P(A) - 2P(C \cap A) = \dfrac{3}{5} \quad \cdots (3)


(1)+(2)+(3):(1) + (2) + (3):

2[P(A)+P(B)+P(C)]−2[P(A∩B)+P(B∩C)+P(C∩A)]=35+15+352[P(A) + P(B) + P(C)] - 2[P(A \cap B) + P(B \cap C) + P(C \cap A)] = \dfrac{3}{5} + \dfrac{1}{5} + \dfrac{3}{5}

2[P(A)+P(B)+P(C)]−2[P(A∩B)+P(B∩C)+P(C∩A)]=752[P(A) + P(B) + P(C)] - 2[P(A \cap B) + P(B \cap C) + P(C \cap A)] = \dfrac{7}{5}

P(A)+P(B)+P(C)−P(A∩B)−P(B∩C)−P(C∩A)=710P(A) + P(B) + P(C) - P(A \cap B) - P(B \cap C) - P(C \cap A) = \dfrac{7}{10}


Using the union formula:

P(A∪B∪C)=P(A)+P(B)+P(C)−P(A∩B)−P(B∩C)−P(C∩A)+P(A∩B∩C)P(A \cup B \cup C) = P(A) + P(B) + P(C) - P(A \cap B) - P(B \cap C) - P(C \cap A) + P(A \cap B \cap C)

P(A∪B∪C)=710+425P(A \cup B \cup C) = \dfrac{7}{10} + \dfrac{4}{25}

=3550+850= \dfrac{35}{50} + \dfrac{8}{50}

=4350= \dfrac{43}{50}


Therefore, the probability of occurring at least one of them is 4350\dfrac{43}{50}.

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