The equation is:
3[xzyw] = [x−162w] + [4z+wx+y3]
When multiplying a matrix by 3, multiply each element by 3:
3[xzyw] = [3x3z3y3w]
When adding matrices, add the elements in the same position:
[x−162w] + [4z+wx+y3]
=[x+4−1+(z+w)6+(x+y)2w+3]
=[x+4z+w−1x+y+62w+3]
The equation becomes:
[3x3z3y3w] = [x+4z+w−1x+y+62w+3]
When two matrices are equal, their corresponding elements must be equal. This gives four equations:
3x=x+4
3y=x+y+6
3z=z+w−1
3w=2w+3
From 3x=x+4:
3x−x=4
2x=4
x=2
From 3w=2w+3:
3w−2w=3
w=3
From 3y=x+y+6, substituting x=2:
3y=2+y+6
3y−y=8
2y=8
y=4
From 3z=z+w−1, substituting w=3:
3z=z+3−1
3z−z=2
2z=2
z=1
Therefore, x=2, y=4, z=1, and w=3.