"Following a pre-decided plan, when circumstances have changed, may not turn out to be in the organisations interest." Identify the limitation of planning highlighted in the aforesaid statement.

Option 1 -> Planning reduces creativity: This limitation refers to how planning can stifle innovation and creative thinking by imposing structured approaches, not about following plans when circumstances change. Option 2 -> Planning does not guarantee success: This limitation indicates that even well-made plans may fail due to unforeseen factors, but doesn't specifically address adherence to plans despite changing circumstances. Option 3 -> Planning leads to rigidity: This limitation refers to inflexibility where organizations continue to follow predetermined plans even when circumstances have changed, making them unable to adapt to new situations. Option 4 -> Planning does not work in a dynamic environment: This limitation suggests planning is ineffective in rapidly changing conditions, but focuses on the general ineffectiveness rather than the inflexible adherence to existing plans. Hence, Option 3: Planning leads to rigidity -> The statement explicitly describes a situation where the organization continues to follow a pre-decided plan despite changed circumstances, which is the classic example of rigidity. Rigidity means inflexibility and inability to deviate from set plans, even when the situation demands adaptation. This makes the predetermined plan potentially harmful to the organization's interests -> correct