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Three bad eggs are mixed with 7 good ones. If two eggs are drawn one by one without replacement, then the probability distribution of the number (X) of bad eggs drawn is:

X012
P(X)1/41/21/4
X012
P(X)15/6120/6126/61
X012
P(X)7/157/151/15
X012
P(X)1/81/45/8

Solution

Correct Option: 3

There are 3 bad eggs and 7 good eggs, for a total of 10 eggs. Two eggs are drawn one by one without replacement.

X represents the number of bad eggs drawn. X can be 0, 1, or 2.


For X = 0, both eggs drawn are good.

First egg is good: 710\frac{7}{10}

Second egg is good: 69\frac{6}{9}

P(X=0)=710×69P(X = 0) = \frac{7}{10} \times \frac{6}{9}

P(X=0)=4290P(X = 0) = \frac{42}{90}

P(X=0)=715P(X = 0) = \frac{7}{15}


For X = 1, exactly one bad egg is drawn. This occurs in two ways:

Bad egg first, then good egg:

310×79=2190\frac{3}{10} \times \frac{7}{9} = \frac{21}{90}

Good egg first, then bad egg:

710×39=2190\frac{7}{10} \times \frac{3}{9} = \frac{21}{90}

P(X=1)=2190+2190P(X = 1) = \frac{21}{90} + \frac{21}{90}

P(X=1)=4290P(X = 1) = \frac{42}{90}

P(X=1)=715P(X = 1) = \frac{7}{15}


For X = 2, both eggs drawn are bad.

First egg is bad: 310\frac{3}{10}

Second egg is bad: 29\frac{2}{9}

P(X=2)=310×29P(X = 2) = \frac{3}{10} \times \frac{2}{9}

P(X=2)=690P(X = 2) = \frac{6}{90}

P(X=2)=115P(X = 2) = \frac{1}{15}


The probability distribution is:

X012
P(X)7/157/151/15

This corresponds to Option 3.

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