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The particular solution of the differential equation xdy=(2x2+1)dx,x≠0xdy = (2x^2 + 1)dx, x \neq 0, given that y=1y = 1 when x=1x = 1 is:

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 3

Given the differential equation xdy=(2x2+1)dxxdy = (2x^2 + 1)dx, where x≠0x \neq 0, with the initial condition y=1y = 1 when x=1x = 1.


Divide both sides by xx:

dy=2x2+1xdxdy = \frac{2x^2 + 1}{x}dx

Split the fraction:

dy=(2x2x+1x)dxdy = \left(\frac{2x^2}{x} + \frac{1}{x}\right)dx

dy=(2x+1x)dxdy = \left(2x + \frac{1}{x}\right)dx


Integrate both sides:

∫dy=∫(2x+1x)dx\int dy = \int \left(2x + \frac{1}{x}\right)dx

y=x2+log⁡∣x∣+Cy = x^2 + \log|x| + C

where CC is the constant of integration.


Using the initial condition y=1y = 1 when x=1x = 1:

1=(1)2+log⁡∣1∣+C1 = (1)^2 + \log|1| + C

1=1+0+C1 = 1 + 0 + C

C=0C = 0


Therefore, the particular solution is:

y=x2+log⁡∣x∣y = x^2 + \log|x|

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