Shalini got $30\%$ of the maximum marks in an exam. She failed by $50$ marks. Malini scored $40\%$ of the maximum, and this score was $20$ marks more than the pass mark. What is the pass mark?

A foreign country reduces its import duty on an Indian exporter's product from 30% to 10%. The exporter estimates that the reduction in import duties - which he will pass on fully by reducing prices -- will increase the volume of sales by 50%. The revenue obtained in that market turned out to be Rs 165Cr. What would the revenue have been if the exporter continued selling at the old price?

A country has 3 major economic sectors: agriculture, manufacturing and services - with their share of the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) being 40, 20 and 40 percent, respectively. Of these, services is growing at 10% per annum, whilst agriculture is growing at 4%. The GDP in aggregate is estimated to be growing at 6% yearly: what is the annual rate of growth of manufacturing in percent?

$8\%$ of boys in a class made it past the 90th percentile, while $12\%$ of the girls in the same class made it past that mark. Suppose there are $120$ students in this class: what is the number of boys?

A firm projects its revenue to rise 20% in each of the next 3 years. At the same time, it projects costs to rise 10% each year. If profit this past year was Rs 10Cr on revenue of Rs 100 Cr, what will be the accumulated profit at the end of the 3rd year?

An exporter estimates with certainty that a $26\%$ higher price for his product will decrease the volume of sales in a foreign market by $30\%$. After having to increase the price by $26\%$, the revenue obtained from sales in that market turned out to be $\text{INR } 44.1 \text{ Cr}$. What would the revenue have been if the exporter had been allowed to sell at the old price?

A factory kept increasing its output by the same percentage every year. Find the percentage if it is known that the output has doubled in the last two years. (assume $\sqrt{2} = 1.4142$)