Statistics & Applications

Trends & Data

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applied

A company is shut down due to unavailability of electricity due to non payment of electricity Bill because of some unavoidable circumstances. Under which component of time series does this situation fall?

Seasonal

Cyclic

Irregular

Secular

✅ Correct Option: 3

Time series data patterns are broken down into four components:

Seasonal: Repeats at fixed times (every summer, every December, etc.). Example: More cold drinks sold in summer every year.

Cyclic: Repeats but with no fixed time period (economic ups and downs). Example: Economic recession every few years but not at exact intervals.

Irregular: Random, one-time, unpredictable events. Example: Factory fire, earthquake, sudden strike.

Secular/Trend: Long-term gradual change over many years. Example: Population slowly increasing over decades.

The given situation involves a company shut down due to unavailability of electricity from non-payment of electricity bill because of unavoidable circumstances.

This does not happen at the same time every year, so it is not Seasonal.

This is not part of a business cycle pattern, so it is not Cyclic.

This is not a long-term gradual change, so it is not Secular/Trend.

This is a sudden, unexpected, one-time event, making it Irregular.

The key indicators are:

"Unavoidable circumstances" indicates an unpredictable, random event.

The shutdown is a one-time occurrence, not repeating regularly.

The disruption is sudden, not planned or cyclical.

The event is not predictable, not repeating, and not part of any pattern. It is random and unforeseen.

The situation falls under the Irregular component of time series.

2025: 26 May Shift 2

Consider the following data

Year (x)	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014
Profit (Rs. in thousands) (y)	10	12	14	16	13

The equation of straight line trend by method of least square for the above data is given by

2025: 21 May Shift 1

If for the following data:

Year (x)	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006
Production(in tonnes) (y)	40	45	46	42	47	50	46

the equation of the straight line trend is $y = 45.143 + 1.036(x - 2003)$ , then the trend value for the year 2004 is

2025: 21 May Shift 1

The rise and fall of share market is an example of

2025: 15 May Shift 1

For predicting the straight line trend in the sales of cars (in thousands) on the basis of 5 consecutive years' data, the company makes use of a 3-year moving averages method. If the sales of the cars for respective years are 15, 24, 18, 33 and 42 respectively, then which of the following averages will not be computed?

2026: 26 May Shift 2

Which of the following statement(s) mentioned below do/does not specify the concept of time series analysis:-

A. Time series analysis comprises methods for analysing time series data in order to extract meaningful statistics and other characteristics of the data.

B. Time series analysis provides good forecasts or predictions of further values of the time series.

C. The time series analysis does not derive conclusions after arranging the time series in a systematic manner.

D. The measurement analysis and study of components of time series is called time series analysis.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

2025: 14 May Shift 1

If $y = a + b(x - 2022)$ is a straight line trend using the least square method for the following data

Year ( $x$ )	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Profit (Rs. '000) ( $y$ )	2	3	4	5	2

Then the value of $\frac{a}{b}$ is:

A company is shut down due to unavailability of electricity due to non payment of electricity Bill because of some unavoidable circumstances. Under which component of time series does this situation fall?

Solution

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