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Which of the following are correct?

(A) The function f(x)=3x+12f(x) = 3x+12 is increasing on R.

(B) The function f(x)=e2xf(x) = e^{2x} is decreasing on R.

(C) The function f(x)=x2−x−1f(x) = x^2-x-1 is neither increasing nor decreasing on (-1, 1).

(D) The function f(x)=x3−3x2+4xf(x) = x^3-3x^2+4x is increasing on R.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 2

To check if a function is increasing or decreasing, use the derivative test: f′(x)>0f'(x) > 0 means increasing, f′(x)<0f'(x) < 0 means decreasing, and if f′(x)f'(x) changes sign, the function is neither increasing nor decreasing.


For f(x)=3x+12f(x) = 3x + 12:

f′(x)=3f'(x) = 3

Since f′(x)=3>0f'(x) = 3 > 0 for all xx, the function is increasing on R.

Statement A is correct.


For f(x)=e2xf(x) = e^{2x}:

f′(x)=2e2xf'(x) = 2e^{2x}

Since e2x>0e^{2x} > 0 for all xx, we have f′(x)=2e2x>0f'(x) = 2e^{2x} > 0 for all xx.

The function is increasing on R, not decreasing.

Statement B is incorrect.


For f(x)=x2−x−1f(x) = x^2 - x - 1 on interval (−1,1)(-1, 1):

f′(x)=2x−1f'(x) = 2x - 1

Setting f′(x)=0f'(x) = 0:

2x−1=02x - 1 = 0

x=12x = \dfrac{1}{2}

This critical point lies inside the interval (−1,1)(-1, 1).

For x=0x = 0 (left of 12\dfrac{1}{2}): f′(0)=−1<0f'(0) = -1 < 0, so the function is decreasing.

For x=0.8x = 0.8 (right of 12\dfrac{1}{2}): f′(0.8)=0.6>0f'(0.8) = 0.6 > 0, so the function is increasing.

The function decreases then increases on (−1,1)(-1, 1), so it is neither strictly increasing nor strictly decreasing.

Statement C is correct.


For f(x)=x3−3x2+4xf(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 4x:

f′(x)=3x2−6x+4f'(x) = 3x^2 - 6x + 4

Completing the square:

f′(x)=3(x2−2x)+4f'(x) = 3(x^2 - 2x) + 4

f′(x)=3(x2−2x+1−1)+4f'(x) = 3(x^2 - 2x + 1 - 1) + 4

f′(x)=3(x−1)2−3+4f'(x) = 3(x - 1)^2 - 3 + 4

f′(x)=3(x−1)2+1f'(x) = 3(x - 1)^2 + 1

Since 3(x−1)2≥03(x - 1)^2 \geq 0 for all xx, we have f′(x)≥1>0f'(x) \geq 1 > 0 for all xx.

The function is increasing on R.

Statement D is correct.


Statements (A), (C), and (D) are correct.

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