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For the principal value branch, the value of sin⁡(π2−sin⁡−1(−32))\sin\left(\frac{\pi}{2} - \sin^{-1}\left(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)\right) is

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 3

The value of sin⁡(π2−sin⁡−1(−32))\sin\left(\frac{\pi}{2} - \sin^{-1}\left(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)\right) needs to be found.


sin⁡−1(x)\sin^{-1}(x) gives the angle whose sine is xx, where the angle is between −π2-\frac{\pi}{2} and π2\frac{\pi}{2} (principal value branch).

Since sin⁡(π3)=32\sin\left(\frac{\pi}{3}\right) = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} and sine is negative in the fourth quadrant:

sin⁡−1(−32)=−π3\sin^{-1}\left(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right) = -\frac{\pi}{3}


Using the complementary angle formula sin⁡(π2−θ)=cos⁡(θ)\sin\left(\frac{\pi}{2} - \theta\right) = \cos(\theta):

sin⁡(π2−sin⁡−1(−32))=cos⁡(sin⁡−1(−32))\sin\left(\frac{\pi}{2} - \sin^{-1}\left(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)\right) = \cos\left(\sin^{-1}\left(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)\right)

This asks for the cosine of the angle whose sine is −32-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.


Let θ=sin⁡−1(−32)\theta = \sin^{-1}\left(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right), so sin⁡(θ)=−32\sin(\theta) = -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.

Using sin⁡2(θ)+cos⁡2(θ)=1\sin^2(\theta) + \cos^2(\theta) = 1:

cos⁡2(θ)=1−sin⁡2(θ)\cos^2(\theta) = 1 - \sin^2(\theta)

cos⁡2(θ)=1−(−32)2\cos^2(\theta) = 1 - \left(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2

cos⁡2(θ)=1−34\cos^2(\theta) = 1 - \frac{3}{4}

cos⁡2(θ)=14\cos^2(\theta) = \frac{1}{4}

cos⁡(θ)=±12\cos(\theta) = \pm\frac{1}{2}


Since θ\theta is in the range [−π2,π2]\left[-\frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{\pi}{2}\right] (principal value branch), cosine is always non-negative in this range.

Therefore cos⁡(θ)=12\cos(\theta) = \frac{1}{2}

The value of sin⁡(π2−sin⁡−1(−32))=12\sin\left(\frac{\pi}{2} - \sin^{-1}\left(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)\right) = \frac{1}{2}

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