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Let y(x)=a(x+1)log⁡(x+1)+bx+5y(x) = a(x + 1) \log(x + 1) + bx + 5 be the solution of the differential equation edydx=x+1;y(0)=5^\frac{dy}{dx} = x + 1_{;}y(0) = 5, then the value of (a+b)(a + b) is:

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 1

We need to find y(x)=a(x+1)log⁡(x+1)+bx+5y(x) = a(x+1)\log(x+1) + bx + 5 that satisfies edydx=x+1e^{\frac{dy}{dx}} = x+1 with y(0)=5y(0) = 5, and then find (a+b)(a+b).


Taking natural logarithm on both sides of edydx=x+1e^{\frac{dy}{dx}} = x+1:

dydx=ln⁡(x+1)\dfrac{dy}{dx} = \ln(x+1)


Now, differentiating the given y(x)=a(x+1)ln⁡(x+1)+bx+5y(x) = a(x+1)\ln(x+1) + bx + 5 using the product rule on the first term:

dydx=a[ln⁡(x+1)+1]+b\dfrac{dy}{dx} = a\left[\ln(x+1) + 1\right] + b

=aln⁡(x+1)+a+b= a\ln(x+1) + a + b


Setting this equal to what we found from the differential equation:

aln⁡(x+1)+(a+b)=ln⁡(x+1)a\ln(x+1) + (a + b) = \ln(x+1)

Comparing both sides:

Coefficient of ln⁡(x+1)\ln(x+1): a=1a = 1

Constant term: a+b=0⇒b=−1a + b = 0 \Rightarrow b = -1


Verifying the initial condition y(0)=5y(0) = 5:

y(0)=1⋅(1)ln⁡(1)+(−1)(0)+5=0+0+5=5y(0) = 1 \cdot (1)\ln(1) + (-1)(0) + 5 = 0 + 0 + 5 = 5 ✓


a+b=0a + b = 0

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