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A fair coin is tossed a fixed number of times. If the probability of getting 11 heads is equal to the probability of getting 13 heads, then the probability of getting 2 heads is:

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 1

A fair coin is tossed nn times. The probability of getting 11 heads equals the probability of getting 13 heads.

For nn coin tosses, the probability of getting exactly kk heads is:

P(k heads)=C(n,k)×(12)nP(k \text{ heads}) = C(n,k) \times \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^n

where C(n,k)=n!k!(n−k)!C(n,k) = \frac{n!}{k!(n-k)!}


Since P(11 heads)=P(13 heads)P(11 \text{ heads}) = P(13 \text{ heads}):

C(n,11)×(12)n=C(n,13)×(12)nC(n,11) \times \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^n = C(n,13) \times \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^n

C(n,11)=C(n,13)C(n,11) = C(n,13)


Using the property C(n,r)=C(n,n−r)C(n,r) = C(n, n-r):

C(n,11)=C(n,13)C(n,11) = C(n,13) implies 11=n−1311 = n - 13

n=24n = 24


The probability of getting 2 heads when n=24n = 24:

P(2 heads)=C(24,2)×(12)24P(2 \text{ heads}) = C(24,2) \times \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{24}

C(24,2)=24!2!×22!C(24,2) = \frac{24!}{2! \times 22!}

C(24,2)=24×232×1C(24,2) = \frac{24 \times 23}{2 \times 1}

C(24,2)=5522C(24,2) = \frac{552}{2}

C(24,2)=276C(24,2) = 276


P(2 heads)=276224P(2 \text{ heads}) = \frac{276}{2^{24}}

Simplifying where 276=22×69276 = 2^2 \times 69:

P(2 heads)=22×69224P(2 \text{ heads}) = \frac{2^2 \times 69}{2^{24}}

P(2 heads)=69222P(2 \text{ heads}) = \frac{69}{2^{22}}

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