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Which of the following inequalities are NOT correct?

(A) If a>1,b>1,a > 1, b > 1, then log⁡ba+log⁡ab≤2\log_b a + \log_a b \leq 2

(B) For any real number x,(9x+91−x)≥9x, (9^x + 9^{1-x}) \geq 9

(C) If a,b,ca,b,c are non-zero real numbers of the same sign, then (ab+bc+ca)≤3\left(\frac{a}{b} + \frac{b}{c} + \frac{c}{a}\right) \leq 3

(D) If a,b,ca,b,c are three distinct real numbers, then (a+b)(b+c)(c+a)≥8abc(a + b)(b + c)(c + a) \geq 8abc

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 2

For option (A), let t=log⁡bat = \log_b a. Since a>1a > 1 and b>1b > 1, we know t>0t > 0.

Also, log⁡ab=1t\log_a b = \dfrac{1}{t}, so the expression becomes t+1tt + \dfrac{1}{t}.

By AM-GM inequality, for any t>0t > 0:

t+1t≥2t⋅1tt + \dfrac{1}{t} \geq 2\sqrt{t \cdot \dfrac{1}{t}}

=2= 2

This means log⁡ba+log⁡ab≥2\log_b a + \log_a b \geq 2, not ≤2\leq 2.

Inequality (A) is NOT correct.


For option (B), apply AM-GM on 9x9^x and 91−x9^{1-x} (both always positive):

9x+91−x≥29x⋅91−x9^x + 9^{1-x} \geq 2\sqrt{9^x \cdot 9^{1-x}}

=29x+1−x= 2\sqrt{9^{x+1-x}}

=29= 2\sqrt{9}

=6= 6

The minimum value is 66 (at x=12x = \frac{1}{2}, giving 3+3=6<93 + 3 = 6 < 9).

The expression is always ≥6\geq 6, but NOT always ≥9\geq 9.

Inequality (B) is NOT correct.


For option (C), if a,b,ca, b, c are all positive, each ratio is positive.

By AM-GM inequality:

ab+bc+ca≥3ab⋅bc⋅ca3\dfrac{a}{b} + \dfrac{b}{c} + \dfrac{c}{a} \geq 3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a}{b} \cdot \dfrac{b}{c} \cdot \dfrac{c}{a}}

=313= 3\sqrt[3]{1}

=3= 3

If a,b,ca, b, c are all negative, let a=−p, b=−q, c=−ra = -p,\ b = -q,\ c = -r where p,q,r>0p, q, r > 0:

ab+bc+ca=pq+qr+rp≥3\dfrac{a}{b} + \dfrac{b}{c} + \dfrac{c}{a} = \dfrac{p}{q} + \dfrac{q}{r} + \dfrac{r}{p} \geq 3

In both cases, the sum is ≥3\geq 3, not ≤3\leq 3.

Inequality (C) is NOT correct.


For option (D), apply AM-GM to each pair of positive reals:

a+b≥2aba + b \geq 2\sqrt{ab}

b+c≥2bcb + c \geq 2\sqrt{bc}

c+a≥2cac + a \geq 2\sqrt{ca}

(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)≥8a2b2c2=8abc(a+b)(b+c)(c+a) \geq 8\sqrt{a^2b^2c^2} = 8abc

Since a,b,ca, b, c are distinct, equality (which requires a=b=ca = b = c) can never hold, so the strict inequality holds.

Inequality (D) is correct.


The inequalities that are NOT correct are (A), (B) and (C) only.

(A), (B) and (C) only\boxed{\textbf{(A), (B) and (C) only}}

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