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The angle of elevation of the top of a tower from a certain point is 60°. If the observer moves 10 m away from the tower, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower decreases by 15°. The height of the tower is:

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 3

Let h = height of the tower, x = initial distance from the tower.

Initial angle of elevation = 60°

After moving 10 m away, angle of elevation = 60° - 15° = 45°

New distance from tower = x + 10


At the first position:

tan⁡(60°)=hx\tan(60°) = \frac{h}{x}

3=hx\sqrt{3} = \frac{h}{x}

h=x3h = x\sqrt{3} ... ①


At the second position:

tan⁡(45°)=hx+10\tan(45°) = \frac{h}{x + 10}

1=hx+101 = \frac{h}{x + 10}

h=x+10h = x + 10 ... ②


From equations ① and ②:

x3=x+10x\sqrt{3} = x + 10

x3−x=10x\sqrt{3} - x = 10

x(3−1)=10x(\sqrt{3} - 1) = 10

x=103−1x = \frac{10}{\sqrt{3} - 1}


Rationalizing the denominator:

x=103−1×3+13+1x = \frac{10}{\sqrt{3} - 1} \times \frac{\sqrt{3} + 1}{\sqrt{3} + 1}

x=10(3+1)(3)2−(1)2x = \frac{10(\sqrt{3} + 1)}{(\sqrt{3})^2 - (1)^2}

x=10(3+1)3−1x = \frac{10(\sqrt{3} + 1)}{3 - 1}

x=10(3+1)2x = \frac{10(\sqrt{3} + 1)}{2}

x=5(3+1)x = 5(\sqrt{3} + 1)


From equation ②:

h=x+10h = x + 10

h=5(3+1)+10h = 5(\sqrt{3} + 1) + 10

h=53+5+10h = 5\sqrt{3} + 5 + 10

h=53+15h = 5\sqrt{3} + 15

h=5(1.732)+15h = 5(1.732) + 15

h=8.66+15h = 8.66 + 15

h=23.66h = 23.66 m

Therefore, the height of the tower is approximately 23.65 m.

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