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If each term of a geometric progression (GP) is positive and is the sum of two preceding terms, then the common ratio of the GP is:

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 3

Let the first term of the GP be aa and the common ratio be rr, where a>0a > 0.

The GP is: a,ar,ar2,ar3,ar4,...a, ar, ar^2, ar^3, ar^4, ...


Each term is the sum of the two preceding terms. Taking the third term:

ar2=a+arar^2 = a + ar

Dividing by aa (since a>0a > 0):

r2=1+rr^2 = 1 + r

r2−r−1=0r^2 - r - 1 = 0


Using the quadratic formula:

r=−(−1)±(−1)2−4(1)(−1)2(1)r = \frac{-(-1) \pm \sqrt{(-1)^2 - 4(1)(-1)}}{2(1)}

r=1±1+42r = \frac{1 \pm \sqrt{1 + 4}}{2}

r=1±52r = \frac{1 \pm \sqrt{5}}{2}

This gives two values:

r=1+52r = \frac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2} or r=1−52r = \frac{1 - \sqrt{5}}{2}


Since all terms of the GP are positive, the common ratio must be positive.

1−52<0\frac{1 - \sqrt{5}}{2} < 0 (since 5>2\sqrt{5} > 2)

1+52>0\frac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2} > 0

Therefore, the common ratio is r=1+52r = \frac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2}.

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