Who among the following won the Nobel Prize in 1968 for demonstrating how the nucleotides in nucleic acids control the synthesis of proteins?

Option 1 -> S. S. Abhyankar was not a Nobel laureate known for work in molecular biology or genetics.

Option 2 -> Har Gobind Khorana was an Indian-American biochemist who shared the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for deciphering the genetic code.

Option 3 -> Homi Jehangir Bhabha was a renowned nuclear physicist, not associated with genetic code research or this Nobel Prize.

Option 4 -> Subhramanyan Chandrasekhar won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1983 for astrophysics work, not for molecular biology.

Hence, Option 2: Har Gobind Khorana -> He shared the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Robert W. Holley and Marshall W. Nirenberg for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis. Khorana's groundbreaking work demonstrated how the sequence of nucleotides in nucleic acids determines the amino acid sequence in proteins -> correct