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If aa, bb, and cc are three prime numbers such that abc=23(a+b+c)abc = 23(a + b + c), then the maximum possible value of a+bca + b - c is

Solution

Correct Option: 3

Since abc=23(a+b+c)abc = 23(a + b + c) and 2323 is prime, 2323 must divide one of aa, bb, cc. As these are primes, one of them equals 2323.

To maximise a+bca + b - c, take cc small, so set a=23a = 23 (not cc).


With a=23a = 23:

23bc=23(23+b+c)23 \cdot bc = 23(23 + b + c)

bc=23+b+cbc = 23 + b + c

bcbc=23bc - b - c = 23

(b1)(c1)=24(b - 1)(c - 1) = 24


Factor pairs of 2424 give possible (b1,c1)(b - 1, c - 1):

(1,24)(1, 24) gives (b,c)=(2,25)(b, c) = (2, 25). 2525 is not prime. Reject.

(2,12)(2, 12) gives (3,13)(3, 13). Both prime.

(3,8)(3, 8) gives (4,9)(4, 9). Neither prime. Reject.

(4,6)(4, 6) gives (5,7)(5, 7). Both prime.

Swapped pairs also valid since b,cb, c are interchangeable.


Valid prime triples (with a=23a = 23): {23,3,13}\{23, 3, 13\} and {23,5,7}\{23, 5, 7\}.

For maximum a+bca + b - c, pick cc smallest among the two non-2323 primes:

Triple {23,3,13}\{23, 3, 13\}: take b=13b = 13, c=3c = 3, so a+bc=23+133=33a + b - c = 23 + 13 - 3 = 33

Triple {23,5,7}\{23, 5, 7\}: take b=7b = 7, c=5c = 5, so a+bc=23+75=25a + b - c = 23 + 7 - 5 = 25


Maximum value =33= 33

Answer =33= 33

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