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Let A={a1,a2,...,ai,...}A = \{a_1, a_2, ..., a_i, ...\} be an arithmetic progression, and let B={b1,b2,...,bi,...}B = \{b_1, b_2, ..., b_i, ...\} be a geometric progression.

The common difference for A is 2.

The common ratio for B is 0.2, and b1=0.8b_1 = 0.8

The infinite sum of the products aibia_i b_i is 1, where i=1,2,3,...i = 1, 2, 3, ...

What is aia_i?

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 4

Given information:

ProgressionTypeDetails
AArithmeticCommon difference = 2
BGeometricCommon ratio = 0.2, first term b1=0.8b_1 = 0.8

The general term for arithmetic progression A is: ai=a1+(i−1)×2a_i = a_1 + (i-1) \times 2

The general term for geometric progression B is: bi=0.8×(0.2)i−1b_i = 0.8 \times (0.2)^{i-1}


The infinite sum condition states: ∑i=1∞aibi=1\sum_{i=1}^{\infty} a_i b_i = 1

Substituting the expressions:

∑i=1∞[a1+2(i−1)]×0.8×(0.2)i−1=1\sum_{i=1}^{\infty} [a_1 + 2(i-1)] \times 0.8 \times (0.2)^{i-1} = 1

Simplifying a1+2(i−1)=a1−2+2ia_1 + 2(i-1) = a_1 - 2 + 2i:

∑i=1∞(a1−2)×0.8×(0.2)i−1+∑i=1∞2i×0.8×(0.2)i−1=1\sum_{i=1}^{\infty} (a_1 - 2) \times 0.8 \times (0.2)^{i-1} + \sum_{i=1}^{\infty} 2i \times 0.8 \times (0.2)^{i-1} = 1


For the first sum (geometric series):

(a1−2)×0.8×11−0.2=(a1−2)×0.8×10.8=a1−2(a_1 - 2) \times 0.8 \times \frac{1}{1-0.2} = (a_1 - 2) \times 0.8 \times \frac{1}{0.8} = a_1 - 2

For the second sum, using the formula ∑i=1∞i×xi−1=1(1−x)2\sum_{i=1}^{\infty} i \times x^{i-1} = \frac{1}{(1-x)^2}:

2×0.8×1(1−0.2)2=1.6×1(0.8)2=1.6×10.64=2.52 \times 0.8 \times \frac{1}{(1-0.2)^2} = 1.6 \times \frac{1}{(0.8)^2} = 1.6 \times \frac{1}{0.64} = 2.5


Combining both parts:

(a1−2)+2.5=1(a_1 - 2) + 2.5 = 1

a1+0.5=1a_1 + 0.5 = 1

a1=0.5=12a_1 = 0.5 = \frac{1}{2}

Since the question asks for a1a_1 (the first term of the arithmetic progression), the answer is 12\frac{1}{2}.

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