Although the new policy aims to increase efficiency, reducing costs, and enhancing employee satisfaction, some employees feel that the changes are too abrupt and poorly communicated.
Although the new policy aims to increase efficiency, reducing costs, and enhancing employee satisfaction, some employees feel that the changes are too abrupt and poorly communicated.
Solution
This question tests parallel structure (parallelism).
Parallel structure means items in a series must use the same grammatical form, like three musketeers marching in step. When listing actions, keep verb forms consistent: "eat, sleep, repeat" not "eating, sleep, repeated."
Option 1 → Mixes verb forms: "increase," "reducing," "enhanced" — like mismatched socks.
Option 2 → "Reducing of costs" sounds awkward — you don't "reduce of" something.
Option 3 → Two base verbs, then a gerund — breaks the pattern halfway.
Option 4 → All three verbs in base form — perfectly parallel marching!
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IPMAT Indore 2025