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What would be the equilibrium number of firms in a market of identical firms, when market demand function (Qd)(Q_d), supply function of a single firm (Qs1)(Q_s1) and equilibrium price (P) are given as

Qd=180−2PQ_d = 180 - 2P

Qs1=15+PQ_{s1} = 15 + P

P=15P = 15

  1. 5
  2. 6
  3. 8
  4. 9

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 1

Option 1: 5 -> At equilibrium price P = 15, market demand is Q_d = 180 - 2(15) = 150 units. Each firm supplies Q_s1 = 15 + 15 = 30 units. Since total market supply must equal market demand in equilibrium, the number of firms = 150 ÷ 30 = 5 firms. This ensures market clearing where aggregate supply from all identical firms exactly matches market demand. -> correct

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