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How is the value of the average product calculated in the short-run?

  1. By dividing the total product by the number of labor.
  2. By dividing the change in total product by the change in labor.
  3. By dividing the change in total product by the number of labor.
  4. By dividing the total product by the change in labor.

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 1

Option 1 -> This correctly defines Average Product (AP = Total Product / Labor).

Option 2 -> This describes Marginal Product, not Average Product (MP = ΔTP/ΔL).

Option 3 -> This is an incorrect formula that doesn't represent any standard productivity measure.

Option 4 -> This is an incorrect formula that doesn't represent any standard productivity measure.


Hence, Option 1: By dividing the total product by the number of labor -> Average Product (AP) measures the output per unit of labor input. It is calculated as AP = Total Product (TP) / Labor (L). For example, if 10 workers produce 100 units, the average product is 100/10 = 10 units per worker. This helps firms understand the typical productivity level of their workforce in the short-run when some factors of production are fixed -> correct

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