Who among the following discovered that when light traverses a transparent material, some of the light that is deflected changes in wavelength?

Option 1 -> Jagadish Chandra Bose was a pioneer in radio and microwave optics, and plant biology research, not light scattering.

Option 2 -> C.V. Raman discovered the Raman Effect (1928), which explains the wavelength change in scattered light passing through transparent materials.

Option 3 -> Meghnad Saha is known for the Saha ionization equation in astrophysics, not for light scattering phenomena.

Option 4 -> Satyendra Nath Bose contributed to quantum statistics (Bose-Einstein statistics), not to this specific light phenomenon.

Hence, Option 2 (C.V. Raman) -> He discovered the Raman Effect, where light changes wavelength when scattered by molecules in a transparent medium due to inelastic scattering. This groundbreaking discovery earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930, making him the first Asian to receive a Nobel Prize in Science -> correct