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A country's balance of payment account is in surplus when?

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 4

A Balance of Payments surplus means autonomous receipts exceed autonomous payments. The surplus is absorbed by an increase in the country's official foreign exchange reserves.

Under the BoP accounting convention, an increase in reserves is shown with a negative sign. Therefore, Reserve Change < 0. Hence, Option 4 is correct as per NCERT's convention and NTA's official key.

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