A pharmaceutical company has tested five drugs on three different organisms. The following incomplete table reports if a drug works on the given organism. For example, drug A works on organism R while B and C work on Q., Drug, Organism P, Organism Q, Organism R, A, ✔, B, ✔, C, ✔, D, E, Following additional information is available: - Each drug works on at least one organism but not more than two organisms. - Each organism can be treated with at least two and at most three of these five drugs. - On whichever organism A works, B also works. Similarly, on whichever organism C works. D also works. - D and E do not work on the same organism. The organism(s) that can be treated with three of these five drugs is(are) Option 1: Only P Option 2: Only Q Option 3: P and Q Option 4: Q and R

Answer: Q and R. Solution: Drug, Organism P, Organism Q, Organism R, A, ✔, B, ✔, ✔, C, ✔, D, E, If drug A works on an organism, drug B will also work on the same organism: —--, Drug, Organism P, Organism Q, Organism R, A, ✔, B, ✔, ✔, C, ✔, D, ✔, E, If drug C works on an organism, drug D will also work on the same organism: —--, Drug, Organism P, Organism Q, Organism R, A, ×, ✔, B, ×, ✔, ✔, C, ✔, D, ✔, E, ×, An organism can be treated by 2 or 3 drugs only. A drug can work on 1 or 2 organisms only. —--, Drug, Organism P, Organism Q, Organism R, A, ×, ×, ✔, B, ×, ✔, ✔, C, ✔, D, ✔, E, ×, Now, we cannot put a checkmark on A for P, because B will also have to work in that case, but we have established it can't. —--, Drug, Organism P, Organism Q, Organism R, A, ×, ×, ✔, B, ×, ✔, ✔, C, ✔, ✔, D, ✔, ✔, E, ×, ×, If we put a checkmark on E, then D won't work, which will only leave us with C, but atleast 2 drugs work on an organism. Hence, it'll have to be C and D for P. It also satisfies the given condition that what C works on, D works on as well. —--, Drug, Organism P, Organism Q, Organism R, A, ×, ×, ✔, B, ×, ✔, ✔, C, ✔, ✔, ×, D, ✔, ✔, ×, E, ×, ×, ✔, We know that E will have to work on atleast one organism, and only R is remaining, so we'll put a checkmark on that. Now R has 3 drugs working on it, which means no more drugs can work on it, hence we'll cancel out the rest. So, we can see that the organisms that can be treated with 3 drugs are Q and R.

Logical Reasoning

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Easy

A pharmaceutical company has tested five drugs on three different organisms. The following incomplete table reports if a drug works on the given organism. For example, drug A works on organism R while B and C work on Q.

Drug	Organism Q	Organism R
A		✔
B	✔
C	✔
D
E

Following additional information is available:

Each drug works on at least one organism but not more than two organisms.
Each organism can be treated with at least two and at most three of these five drugs.
On whichever organism A works, B also works. Similarly, on whichever organism C works. D also works.
D and E do not work on the same organism.

The organism(s) that can be treated with three of these five drugs is(are)

Only P

Only Q

P and Q

Q and R

✅ Correct Option: 4

Slide 1/6

Drug	Organism Q	Organism R
A		✔
B	✔	✔
C	✔
D
E

If drug A works on an organism, drug B will also work on the same organism:

Drug	Organism Q	Organism R
A		✔
B	✔	✔
C	✔
D	✔
E

If drug C works on an organism, drug D will also work on the same organism:

Drug	Organism P	Organism Q	Organism R
A		×	✔
B	×	✔	✔
C		✔
D		✔
E		×

An organism can be treated by 2 or 3 drugs only.

A drug can work on 1 or 2 organisms only.

Drug	Organism P	Organism Q	Organism R
A	×	×	✔
B	×	✔	✔
C		✔
D		✔
E		×

Now, we cannot put a checkmark on A for P, because B will also have to work in that case, but we have established it can't.

Drug	Organism P	Organism Q	Organism R
A	×	×	✔
B	×	✔	✔
C	✔	✔
D	✔	✔
E	×	×

If we put a checkmark on E, then D won't work, which will only leave us with C, but atleast 2 drugs work on an organism. Hence, it'll have to be C and D for P. It also satisfies the given condition that what C works on, D works on as well.

Drug	Organism P	Organism Q	Organism R
A	×	×	✔
B	×	✔	✔
C	✔	✔	×
D	✔	✔	×
E	×	×	✔

We know that E will have to work on atleast one organism, and only R is remaining, so we'll put a checkmark on that. Now R has 3 drugs working on it, which means no more drugs can work on it, hence we'll cancel out the rest.

So, we can see that the organisms that can be treated with 3 drugs are Q and R.

Question 26

Drug E works on

Question 27

Drug D works on:

Question 29

Organism R can be treated with

Question 30

Organism P can be treated with:

The organism(s) that can be treated with three of these five drugs is(are)

Solution

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