Payments which are made without any counterpart of services received by the payer are known as.
Payments which are made without any counterpart of services received by the payer are known as.
Solution
✅ Correct Option: 1
Transfer payments are one-sided payments made without any corresponding good or service received in return, such as old age pensions, scholarships, or unemployment allowances. Since no productive service is rendered against them, they are excluded from national income.
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