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Accounts in Balance of Payments

The current account is the record of trade in goods and services and transfer payments. Trade in goods includes exports and imports of goods. Trade in services includes factor income and non-factor income transactions. Transfer payments are the receipts which the residents of a country get for free, without having to provide any goods or services in return. They could be given by the government or by private citizens living abroad. Capital Account records all international transactions of assets. The capital account is in balance when capital inflows are equal to capital outflows. The essence of international payments is that just like an individual who spends more than her income must finance the difference by selling assets or by borrowing, a country that has a deficit in its current account must finance it by selling assets or by borrowing abroad. Thus, any current account deficit must be financed by a capital account surplus, that is, a net capital inflow. Apart from the current and capital accounts, there is a third element in the balance of payments called errors and omissions.

When a country exports more goods than its imports, the balance of trade is considered to be?

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 1

Option 1 -> When exports exceed imports, creating a positive balance.

Option 2 -> When exports equal imports, resulting in zero net flow.

Option 3 -> A general term for the difference between exports and imports, not a specific condition.

Option 4 -> When imports exceed exports, creating a negative balance.


Hence, Surplus Balance of Trade -> When a country exports more goods than it imports, the value of outgoing goods exceeds incoming goods, resulting in a trade surplus. This is also called a favorable balance of trade as it brings more foreign currency into the country, strengthening its economy. For example, if a country exports 500billionworthofgoodsandimports500 billion worth of goods and imports 300 billion, it has a trade surplus of $200 billion. This is the opposite of a trade deficit where imports exceed exports-> correct

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