In which sentence does since function as an adverb?
In which sentence does since function as an adverb?
Solution
The question is testing for word usage of "since" as different parts of speech: preposition, conjunction, and adverb.
Since as a Preposition: When "since" is followed by a noun or noun phrase, it functions as a preposition indicating a starting point in time (e.g., "since Monday", "since 2020").
Since as a Conjunction: When "since" introduces a clause with a subject and verb, it functions as a conjunction. It can mean "because" (causal) or mark a time relationship (e.g., "since you asked", "since he arrived").
Since as an Adverb: When "since" stands alone without a following object or clause, it functions as an adverb meaning "from then until now" or "after that time." It modifies the verb in the sentence.
Option 1 → "since childhood" - preposition followed by noun phrase.
Option 2 → "Since Covid" - preposition followed by noun.
Option 3 → "haven't seen him since" - adverb standing alone, modifying the verb "seen."
Option 4 → "Since the rain has stopped" - conjunction introducing a clause.
Hence, Option 3 is correct.