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In 1984, the French and the British agreed that a link across the English Channel would be mutually beneficial. However, both the Governments realised that although the project would create the much needed jobs, neither country's Government could fund such a massive project. Thus, they decided to hold a contest.

This contest invited companies to submit their plan to create a link across the English Channel. As part of the contest's requirements, the submitting company was to provide a plan to raise the needed funds to build the project, have the ability to operate the proposed Channel link once the project was completed, and the proposed link must be able to endure for at least 120 years.

Ten proposals were submitted, including various tunnels and bridges. Some of the proposals were so outlandish in design that they were easily dismissed; others would be so expensive that they were unlikely to ever be completed. The successful proposal planned for a tunnel made up of two, parallel railway tunnels that would be dug under the English Channel. Between these two railway tunnels would run a third, smaller tunnel that would be used for maintenance, including drainage pipes, communication cables etc.

After the first testrun on 10 December 1993, the Channel Tunnel officially opened on 6 may 1994.

It was raining when Rahel came back to Ayemenem. Slanting silver ropes slammed into loose earth, plowing it up like gunfire. The old house on the hill wore its steep, gabled roof pulled over its ears like a low hat. The walls, streaked with moss, had grown soft, and bulged a little with dampness that seeped up from the ground. The wild, overgrown garden was full of the whisper and scurry of small lives. In the undergrowth a rat snake rubbed itself against a glistening stone. Hopeful yellow bullfrogs cruised the scummy pond for mates. A drenched mongoose flashed across the leaf-strewn driveway.

The house itself looked empty. The doors and window were locked. The front verendah bare unfurnished. But the skyblue Plymouth with chrome tailfins was still parked outside, and inside, Baby Kochamma was still alive.

She was Rahel's baby grandaunt, her grandfather's younger sister. Her name was really Navomi, Navomi Ipe, but every body called her Baby. She became Baby Kochamma when she was old enough to be an aunt.

Rahel hadn't come to see her, though. Neither niece nor baby grandaunt labored under any illusions on that account. Rahel had come to see her brother, Estha. They were two-egg twins. "Dizygotic" doctors called them. Born from separate but simultaneously fertilized eggs. Estha-- Esthappen-- was the older by eighteen minutes.

They never did look much like each other, Estha and Rahel, and even when they were thin-armed children, flat-chasted, wormridden and Elvis presley-puffed, there was none of the usual " Who is who ?" and "Which is which?" from oversmilling relatives or the Syrian Orthodox bishops who frequently visited the Ayemenem House for donations.

The confusion lay in a deeper, more secret place.

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow:-

The small village of Somnathpur contains an extraordinary temple, built around AD 1268 by the Hoysalas of Karnataka-one of the most prolific temple builders. Belur and Helebidu are among their better-known works. While these suffered during the invasion of the 14th century, the Somnathpur temple stands more or less intact in near-original condition. This small temple captivates with the beauty and vitality of its detailed sculpture, covering almost every inch of the walls, pillars, and even ceilings. It has three Shikaras and stands on a star-shaped, raised platform with 24 edges. The outer walls have a profusion of detailed carvings: the entire surface run over by carved plaques of stone. There are vertical panels covered by exquisite figures of gods and goddesses, with many incarnations being depicted. There are nymphs too, some carrying an ear of maize, a symbol of plenty and prosperity. The elaborate ornamentation, very characteristic of the Hoysala sculptures, is a remarkable feature. A closer look at the series of friezes on the outer walls reveal intricately carved caparisoned elephants, charging horsemen, stylized flowers, warriors, musicians crocodiles and swans.

The temple was actually commissioned by Sona Dandanayaka or Somnath (who named the village after himself), the minister of the Hoysala king, Narsimha the third. The temple was built to house three forms of Vishnu. The inner centre of the temple was the kalyanamandapa. Leading from here are three corridors, each ending in a shrine, one for each form of Vishnu-Venugopala, Janardana and Prasanna Keshava, though only two remain in their original form.

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow:-

When I was a small child my grandparents would take me blackberry picking. It was usually late August when the blackberries had fully ripened. Grandad would drive us in his old van. Despite not being comfortable or particularly safe, Grandad's van had a character you would not find in a sleek new car, complete with the latest innovations and a silent engine. Being seven or eight at the time, I always enjoyed a trip as we bounced along to our destination.

My grandparents always chose the same spot. Wild blackberry bushes stretched along the roadside as far as the eye could see in both directions. The road overlooked a small pitch and putt course. On such sunny summer days it was always full. Golfers ambled sedately from hole to hole and the crack of metal striking ball was a constant accompaniment.

Several hours of picking berries ensued. Nana warned me not to eat any until they had all been washed, but turned a knowing blind eye while I gorged anyway. I also helped myself to the occasional unripe red berry as I had a particular taste for anything bitter. The fully immature green berries proved a step too far for even my palate and were merely unpleasant.

When at last we were finished the bright scenery had turned to lengthy shadows and the afternoon had elapsed into evening. Grandad hauled a big bag half full of berries back to the van. Juice bled slowly onto the ground. Nana would later make apple and blackberry tarts and fill several jars with jam. When I reached the van my stomach hurt from too much fruit. My hands stung from constant thorn pricks and were stained dark purple. I always enjoyed those days.

Organisms change over time. Some of these changes make no difference to the success or failure of the organism that inherit them; other changes do. Take a group of antelopes in which one individual has longer legs than its siblings. Those longer legs make the individual better at escaping from predators, hence giving it an advantage in the survival stakes. Its descendants inherit this feature and are better able to survive as a consequence. Those longer legs have thus become an 'adaptation'. Their evolution means that this particular lineage of antelopes has adapted to its conditions, thanks to its development of this features. Their evolution means that this particular lineage of antelopes.

Over the generations, the individual components of the genetic code within a species change, or mutate. So far as we know, mutations may provide no evolutionary advantage at all. They may be disadvantageous, in which case they are weeded out via natural selection; or they may be advantageous, in which case they persist through the generations.